Wijmenga, Klomp, van der Jagt, Poort (2016)

Source Details

Wijmenga, Klomp, van der Jagt, Poort (2016)
Title:	International Survey on Private Copying - Law & Practice 2016
Author(s):	Hester Wijminga, Wouter Klomp, Marije van der Jagt, Joost Poort
Year:	2016
Citation:	Stichting de Thuiskopie (2016). International Survey on Private Copying – Law & Practice 2016. WIPO.
Link(s):	Definitive , Open Access
Key Related Studies:
Discipline:	O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
Linked by:

About the Data
Data Description:	Revenue data until 2015, information about levy systems and tariffs
Data Type:
Secondary Data Sources:	Revenue data
Data Collection Methods:	Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting) Quantitative data/text mining Document Research
Data Analysis Methods:	Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) Regression Analysis Textual Content Analysis Legal Analysis
Industry(ies):
Country(ies):	Austria Belgium Burkina Faso Canada Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Japan Latvia Lithuania Caribbean Netherlands Norway Paraguay Poland Portugal Russian Federation Slovakia Slovenia Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United States
Cross Country Study?:	Yes
Comparative Study?:	Yes
Literature review?:	No
Government or policy study?:	Yes
Time Period(s) of Collection:
Funder(s):	World Intellectual Property Organization de Thuiskopie

Abstract

“Introduction - This survey is the 25th edition of a collection and analysis of key data on private copying compensation systems around the world. It is the result of collaboration between the private copying collection body in the Netherlands, Stichting de Thuiskopie (Dutch Private Copying Collection Society), and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The data compiled in the survey is provided by participating collecting societies, which are entrusted with the collection and distribution of private copying remuneration. The main objective of the survey is to provide facts and figures regarding the function of private copying collection systems around the world, trends in remuneration collected on behalf of rightholders and practices employed in collecting this important source of income for creators. Previous editions were used as a reference in European Union (EU) publications as well as by collecting societies and stakeholders in private copying.”

Main Results of the Study

The study compares private copying remuneration systems of 31 countries out of 21 belong(ed) to the European Union. Recognising the change in medium distribution through globalisation and the increasing number of copying platforms (physical drives are becoming more and more replaced by virtual platforms), the study examines the development of revenues from private copying levy systems. Revenues show to be volatile and European states were found to account for 83-93 percent of total revenues. A correlation was found between a country’s purchasing power per capita and the levy revenues per capita. Another correlation was found between revenues and the number of internet users per country. “EU members have 0,72~0.94 euro higher levy revenues per capita, and for each 1000 extra euros of GNI per capita, levy revenues are about 0.02 euro higher”. Setting tariffs after negotiations with rightsholders and the industry further shown to result in higher revenues.

Coverage of Study

Coverage of Fundamental Issues

Issue	Included within Study
Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare
Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)?
Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors)
Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption)
Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media)

Coverage of Evidence Based Policies

Issue	Included within Study
Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right)
Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction)
Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing)
Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability)
Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts)
Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness)

Datasets

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